The programming language you choose for your project is a foundation of its performance, scalability, and, as a result, user experience, conversion, and future growth.
According to statistics, the top programming languages in 2021 include:
- Python
- Java
- JavaScript
- R
Curious about the future of programming languages? In our blog post, you will find out what this future prepares for us and what are the programming languages and paradigms of tomorrow.
Newest Coding Language: How to Know Which One to Choose
Choosing a programming language is not a simple task. Before rolling up your sleeves and sorting through lists of the most popular programming languages, you should know exactly who you’re looking for. Here are the main things you need to keep in mind:
- Project size
Before hiring a development team, define your project scope and its complexity. Create a document that describes the purpose of your product, its goals and benefits, main users, and potential scale. All these factors will define your development team’s size and the engineers’ experience level (junior, middle, or senior).
- Technical and functional features
Once you’ve decided on your project scope and main goals, create a list of features and agree on it with your tech lead. Note that it’s essential to have a specialist with a technical background in your team who will be responsible for tech management and debugging.
If you plan to start with an MVP, note how you will scale your project in the future. It will help your tech team come up with a product roadmap, define the logic, and create a scalable architecture.
- What stage is the product at?
The development time and the size of your engineering team will depend on what stage your project is at. For example, if you develop an MVP, the size of your tech team will usually be smaller than what you’d need for a full-featured or complex product.
If you already have some features and need to scale your product, it can take time for developers to analyze the project logic and architecture and examine the existing code.
Each project is different. There’s no one-size-fits-all. Keep in mind what stage your product is at and its complexity when looking for a team of engineers.
- Integrations and features
Integrations, features, and complexity of your product will define the expertise your engineers need, as well as the tools they should be experienced in. For example, if you use specific software in your project, you need to make sure the developer has experience with it and can start working with it quickly.
All the factors I’ve mentioned define what kinds of developers you’ll need, how many of them should be in your team, and what sort of expertise they should have. This will help you find the best development team, plan the budget, and create a timeline with strict deadlines.
Top 5 Programming Languages of 2021
Let’s review the most popular coding languages list in 2021, including their pros and cons to help you make a better decision.
Python
Python is the fastest-growing top programming languages 2021 that don’t fail at popularity since 1991. It’s used for products of different sizes and complexity (data science, machine learning, and AI among them).
Here are the main pros and cons of this language for the startup
Pros
- Fast time to market
- Large community and detailed technical documentation
- Easy to learn
Cons
- Not native to a mobile environment
- Hight memory consumption
With Python most used programming languages, you can quickly develop an MVP and test your product on the market. Developers can easily reuse existing code and create the same functionality much faster. However, Python is not so suitable for memory-intensive tasks and needs additional optimization for mobile apps.
JavaScript
JavaScript is a universal and constantly evolving programming language. It can accomplish different types of applications such as mobile, web, desktops, gaming apps, chatbots, machine learning, etc. Let’s see what its pros and cons for your startup are.
Pros
- Speed
- High server availability
- Variety of interfaces for better user-interactivity
Cons
- Now efficient security on the client-side
- Some new functionality is not supported by old browsers
In general, JavaScript is widely used for designing interactive interfaces and creating dynamic web pages. You can use it for different industries and types of applications.
Java
Java is a high-level programming language that is often used for building enterprise applications aimed to scale in the future. Java is commonly used for creating applications of different types and is the best language for machine learning.
Pros
- Write Once Run Everywhere
- Security
- Has a great deal of APIs
Cons
- Speed
- Doesn’t look native on the desktop
Java includes security as an integral part of the design and is considered to be the most secure programming language. If you aim to build a product with a variety of features, Java can accomplish different tasks such as networking, database connection, and XML parsing.
However, compared to C and C++, Java is significantly slower and memory-consuming.
C++
C++ is one of the oldest programming languages that are called the mother of all languages, as a lot of programming languages are built with the base of it.
Pros
- Combines the features of both high level and low-level languages
- Scalability
- Compatibility with C
Cons
- C++ is very specific and niche-oriented
In general, C++ is not the best choice for the startup unless you have very specific performance requirements. When your goal is to quickly build MVP, it’s better to choose another language that enables fast prototyping.
Ruby
Ruby is an open-source language that allows the simple and fast creation of web applications. Here are its benefits for your startup.
Pros
- Time-efficient
- Cost-effective
- Compatible with different technologies
Cons
- Slow performance
- Lack of flexibility
Ruby has a lot of default modules and plugins out of the box, which is great for standard functionality. However, if you want to develop a product with specific functionality, Ruby can be hard to adjust.
Upcoming Programming Language: What mistakes to avoid
Here’s what you should know before choosing a language for your next project and what is the best coding language to learn.
- Understand the correlation between different technologies and their structure
Looking for the best engineer is not about searching through bunches of CVs and looking for familiar words in the job description. It’s about having deep knowledge of the technology stack and development tools.
Learn to analyze the full picture of the candidate’s experience, define whether they grew their skills over time, what projects they participate in, and what new tools they’ve learned during their career. Only a thorough analysis will help you evaluate the candidate’s expertise and learning capability and choose programming languages to learn.
- Provide as much information as possible about the project
To draw the attention of the best candidates, you need to pique their interests and provide value. The best way to do this is to describe all the ins and outs of your project, how it benefits the target audience, and its potential for the future. It’s also essential to inform the candidates whether it’s a short or long-term project and what career growth opportunities it will offer them.
- Define the project goals and tech requirements
Create a list of your project goals and technical specifications. This will help you communicate your requirements to the candidates. Here’s what to include:
- Your vision and business goals
- Actions your team should take
- Milestones for each goal
- Your target market
- Technical requirements
- Scaling strategies
- Budget
- Do an active search
Complete an active search on the platforms I mentioned above. Define the main keywords you’ll search with, as well as the country, age, and experience level of the candidate. Then start looking through the applications.
“The IT era is dynamic and complex, with constant and sudden changes and updates. You need to keep your eye on the ball, which means the latest updates and nuances. Quite often, choosing external professionals for custom software development solutions is far more efficient.”— Vlad Medvedovsky, CEO at Proxet (ex - Rails Reactor) - a custom software development company.
Best Programming Languages to Learn for the Future
According to the research by Betterprogramming, here are software development languages that gathered the most buzz during the last years and will continue to grow in the nearest time.
Unity
Unity is the leading platform in the world to create interactive, 3D, and real-time content such as:
- Games (Android, iOS, PC, Nintendo, PlayStation)
- Interactive experiences (Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality)
- Automotive and transportation (ultra-realistic for vehicle parts and design)
- Manufacturing (robotic simulation)
- The film, animation, and cinematics (Real-time movie rendering)
- Architecture, engineering, and construction. (3D experience for buildings, building design, and virtual construction environments)
So, if you start to learn Unity (C#) now, you have a chance to join any of the explosive growth industries above with its high programing languages ranking.
Flutter
Flutter 2.0 lets developer publish their app natively on Android, iOS, Desktop, and Web. Flutter is a comparable competitor with React Native. In terms of speed, complexity, and community, they’re at almost the same level.
But if we compare them based on popularity, as of 1st July 2021, Flutter has 124,000 stars while React Native has 96,400 stars in Github backend programming languages. We can safely say that Flutter has overtaken React Native as developers’ favorite mobile app cross-platform framework today.
Golang
Here are some of the reasons to choose the language designed by Google.
- It is one of the fastest languages in the market because it is compiled to machine code.
- It is easy to learn and has a large community.
- Great for DevOps, backend development, and full-stack developer.
- Minimal and straightforward syntax.
- 3rd highest median pay in the global ranking.
How to Choose the Developers with the Newest Coding Paradigms
Let us give you a couple of recommendations on choosing programming language paradigms for your product.
- Define what’s a paradigm and kind of software engineer you really need so that this person best matches your goals.
- Look up the candidate’s GitHub portfolio. It can give you an idea of the developer’s coding style and personal characteristics. If the projects have clear and accurate Readme’s, for example, you will easily understand what your prospective colleague was working on. Ask the developers of your team to review the candidate’s projects and give their opinion.
- Discuss the candidate with the team lead. The team lead will be the one to work next to the developer and to be responsible for both the success and failure. The team lead should give a general approval of the candidate.
- Evaluate the developer's skills. Hold an interview dedicated to the knowledge and proficiency of asking specific questions that can show how well the person knows their technology. Such interviews are especially effective in hiring remote developers that will be working with no supervision.
- Include a practical test. Ask your candidate to complete a small coding task to see how well they use their knowledge of the language to achieve particular results.
“Consider the pros and cons of different tech stacks based on the criteria to help you determine which tech stack is best for your project. Since your project may be unique, there may not be a simple answer. However, by selecting one that is a better fit for what you are trying to accomplish, you will avoid future headaches.”— Ankit Sharma, Founder and CEO at Inventive Byte, the No. 1 Startup Venture Studio in Silicon Valley.
Now when you know all paradigm examples, you are ready to implement them in real life.
If you are looking for experienced professionals who can deliver real top-notch transformation to your company, turn to Proxet. Here, you’ll find multiple services, the best cutting-edge technologies, and innovative solutions.
